Works
- Convergent and Discriminant Validation by the Multitrait-Multimethod Matrix, Psychological Bulletin 56(2), with Donald T. Campbell, 1959
In Thinking Tools
Known for
With Donald T. Campbell he proposed the multitrait-multimethod matrix for testing construct validity. A measure should correlate with other measures of the same trait taken by different methods (convergent validity) and should not correlate too highly with measures of different traits (discriminant validity), so that shared method is not mistaken for shared substance.