Works
- Notes on the theory of organization, In Luther Gulick and L. Urwick (eds.), Papers on the Science of Administration, Institute of Public Administration, Columbia University, New York (v and 195 pages), 1937
In Organizational Structures
Known for
The bases of grouping and POSDCORB
Ideas
Bases of departmentalization. Work can be grouped by major purpose, process, persons or things served (clientele), or place, and each basis has its own advantages. Caveat: Simon (1946) argued that the bases conflict and give no guidance on which to choose.
Determinants of span of control. Span of control depends on diversification of function, time, and space. Caveat: Meier and Bohte (2003) found these matter but mean different things at different levels of the hierarchy.