Works
- Local autonomy in a franchise age: structural change in national voluntary associations, Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 18(2), 101 to 117, 1989
- Structure and accountability: a study of national nonprofit associations, Nonprofit Management and Leadership 6(4), 347 to 365, 1996
- Strategy and structure in managing global associations, Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations 10(4), 323 to 343, 1999
- Organizational identity and the structure of nonprofit umbrella associations, Nonprofit Management and Leadership 11(3), 289 to 304, 2001
In Organizational Structures
Known for
The structure of national and international nonprofit associations.
Ideas
Federated movements and the franchise model. National voluntary associations drift toward franchise-like systems in which headquarters sanctions and controls local affiliates; federated movements are the type whose participants are especially concerned about that drift, and the issue is balancing central initiative against local autonomy. Caveat: Conceptual.
Identity and the structure of umbrella associations. Consensus around a clear identity helps resolve the structural dilemmas of umbrella associations. Caveat: Two cases.